St. Bruno Hartenfaust was born in Cologne, Germany, to a noble family. He attended the famous episcopal school at Reims and was ordained as a priest at the age of 25. He received a canonry at Cologne, but the Bishop of Rheims later recalled him to assist in directing his former school. St. Bruno held this responsible position for 20 years while maintaining the school's high teaching standards. In 1075, he was appointed Chancellor and canon theologian for the diocese. However, St. Bruno and his six companions made the courageous decision to leave behind their current way of life and lead a contemplative life. They received land in the wild Alpine solitude called Chartreuse from St. Hugh, the Bishop of Grenoble. They built an oratory with small individual cells at a distance from each other where they lived entirely occupied in prayer and study, for these men had a reputation for learning. They were frequently honored by the visits of St. Hugh, who became like one of themselves. They lived in extreme mortification, silence, and poverty, completely secluded from each other except during divine service and recreation. This was the start of the Eremitical Order of Carthusians, which had a special devotion to the Blessed Virgin. St. Bruno spent only six years at Chartreuse, for Pope Urban II, one of his former pupils at Reims, called him to Rome as his adviser and confessor. Bruno repeatedly tried to persuade the Pope to permit him to return to his cherished solitary life, but Urban wished him to remain within reach. Therefore, a new monastery was founded in Calabria, where Bruno died on 6 October 1101. His Grande Chartreuse continued to grow until it controlled around 250 monasteries. Pope Gregory XV canonized St. Bruno on 17 February 1623. He is invoked for the deliverance of possessed persons.
On Oct. 6, the Catholic Church commemorates Saint Bruno of Cologne, founder of the Carthusian order of monks who remain notable for their strictly traditional and austere rule of contemplative life.
Born in 1030, Bruno is said to have belonged to a prominent family in the city of Cologne. Little is known of his early years, except that he studied theology in the present-day French city of Reims before returning to his native land, where he was most likely ordained a priest in approximately 1055.
Returning to Reims the following year, he soon became head of the school he had attended there, after its director Heriman left to enter consecrated religious life in 1057. Bruno led and taught at the school for nearly two decades, acquiring an excellent reputation as a philosopher and theologian, until he was named chancellor of the local diocese in 1075.
Bruno's time as chancellor coincided with an uproar in Reims over the behavior of its new bishop Manasses de Gournai. Suspended by the decision of a local council, the bishop appealed to Rome while attacking and robbing the houses of his opponents. Bruno left the diocese during this period, though he was considered as a possible successor to Manasses after the bishop's final deposition in 1080.
The chancellor, however, was not interested in leading the Church of Reims. Bruno and two of his friends had resolved to renounce their worldly goods and positions and enter religious life. Inspired by a dream to seek guidance from the bishop later canonized as Saint Hugh of Grenoble, Bruno settled in the Chartreuse Mountains in 1084, joined by a small group of scholars looking to become monks.
In 1088, one of Bruno's former students was elected as Pope Urban II. Six years into his life as an alpine monk, Bruno was called to leave his remote monastery to assist the Pope in his struggle against a rival papal claimant as well as the hostile Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV.
Bruno served as a close adviser to the Pope during a critical period of reform. Around this time, he also rejected another chance to become a bishop, this time in the Italian region of Calabria. While he obtained the Pope's permission to return to monastic life, Bruno was required to remain in Italy to help the Pope periodically, rather than returning to his monastery in France.
During the 1090s Bruno befriended Count Roger of Sicily and Calabria, who granted land to his group of monks and enabled the founding of a major monastery in 1095. The monks were known, then as now, for their strict practice of asceticism, poverty, and prayer; and for their unique organizational form, combining the solitary life of hermits with the collective life of more conventional monks.
St. Bruno died on October 6, 1101, after making a notable profession of faith which was preserved for posterity. In this final testimony, he gave particular emphasis to the doctrine of Christ's Eucharistic presence, which had already begun to be questioned in parts of the Western Church.
“I believe,” he attested, “in the sacraments that the Church believes and holds in reverence, and especially that what has been consecrated on the altar is the true Flesh and the true Blood of our Lord Jesus Christ, which we receive for the forgiveness of our sins and in the hope of eternal salvation.”
Veneration of St. Bruno was given formal approval in 1514, and extended throughout the Latin Rite in 1623. More recently, his Carthusian Order was the subject of the 2006 documentary film “Into Great Silence,” chronicling the life of monks in the Grand Chartreuse monastery.
O God, who called St. Bruno to serve You in solitude, grant, through his intercession, that amid the changes of this world, we may constantly look to You alone.
Jonathan Fabian Ginunggil,
Most High Servant,
Jesus, Mary, Joseph Ministry of Love
(Blessed and Saints and the Nine Choirs of Angels)
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